Version | 1.1 |
Unit Name | Fluid Machines |
Unit Code | BME202 |
Unit Duration | 1 Semester |
Award |
Bachelor of Science (Engineering) Duration 3 years |
Year Level | Two. |
Unit Creator / Reviewer | Dr. Arti Siddhpura / Dr Aravin Arumugam |
Core/Stream: | Stream |
Pre-requisites | None |
Credit Points |
3 Total Course Credit Points 81 (27 x 3) |
Mode of Delivery | Online or on-campus. |
Unit Workload | (Total student workload including “contact hours” = 10 hours per week; 5 hours per week for 24 week delivery) Pre-recordings / Lecture – 1.5 hours Tutorial – 1.5 hours Guided labs / Group work / Assessments – 2 hours Personal Study recommended – 5 hours |
Unit Description and General Aims
The objective in presenting this unit is to provide students with in-depth knowledge and comprehension of pump, seal, compressor and turbine construction, design applications, operations, selection, installation, and maintenance related issues.
The subject matter covered in this unit will include pump characteristics and operation, and the working principles and performance characteristics of reciprocating and centrifugal compressors. The basic principles and mechanics of seal operation will also be examined, including seal types, operation and applications. The principles and operation of reciprocating and centrifugal compressors will be covered. The unit will include classification, types and operation of various types of turbines.
At the conclusion of this unit, students will have been imparted with the requisite knowledge to judiciously select, install, test and maintain pumps; comprehend the principles and mechanics of operation of reciprocating and centrifugal compressors; and, have considerable insights into various aspects of seals, compressors and turbines
Learning Outcomes
On successful completion of this Unit, students are expected to be able to:
- Examine various fluid properties and distinguish between different pump types along with their operating principles
Bloom's Level 4
- Illustrate various types and working principle of Positive Displacement Pumps
Bloom's Level 2
- Interpret centrifugal pump construction, performance and operation
Bloom's Level 5
- Examine selection, installation, testing, maintenance and troubleshooting of pumps
Bloom's Level 4
- Demonstrate an understanding of the principles and mechanics of sealing
Bloom's Level 2
- Explain the principles and mechanics of operation of reciprocating and centrifugal compressors
Bloom's Level 2
- Evaluate types and working principle of hydraulic turbines
Bloom's Level 5
Student assessment
Assessment Type
|
When assessed
|
Weighting
(% of total unit marks) |
Learning Outcomes Assessed (Topics covered) |
Assessment 1 Type: Weekly Quizzes Description: Students will need to complete multiple-choice quiz questions to demonstrate a good understanding of the fundamental concepts. |
Weekly |
10% |
All (Topics 2-11) |
Assessment 2 Type: Test (Invigilated) Description: Students will need to answer some short and/or long answer questions and/or solve some numerical problems. |
During Topic/Week 6 |
20% |
1, 2, 3 (Topics 1-5) |
Assessment 3 Type: Research (Report) & Presentation Description: Students will need to complete this research-based project using available literature and/or hand calculations and provide a recorded presentation. |
After Topic 10 |
25% |
4, 5, 6 (Topics 1-11) |
Assessment 4 Type: Exam (Invigilated) Description: An examination with a mix theoretical short/detailed answer questions and some engineering problems. |
Exam Week |
40% |
All (All topics) |
Tutorial Attendance & Participation Description: Attendance, presentation, discussion, group work, exercises, self-assessment/reflection, case study analysis, application. |
Continuous |
5% |
All |
Overall requirements: Students must achieve a result of 50% or above in the exam itself to pass the exam, and must pass the exam to be able to pass the unit. An overall final unit score of 50% or above must be achieved to pass the unit once all assessment, including the exam, has been completed.
Prescribed and Recommended Readings
Textbook
- Pump Characteristics and Applications (Third Edition) by Maichael Volk, P.E., 2013 – ISBN: 9781466563087
- Fluid Mechanics and Machinery (Third Edition) by Kothandaraman, C. P.; Rudramoorthy, R., 2011 - ISBN: 9781906574789
- Compressors: Selection and Sizing (Third Edition) by Royce N. Brown, 2011 - ISBN: 1-4933-0295-7, 0-7506-7545-4
Journal, website
Peer-reviewed journals and websites (advised during lectures)
Notes and Reference Texts
- Centrifugal Pumps (Second Edition) by Igor J. Karassik and Terry McGuire – ISBN: 9781461566045
- Troubleshooting Rotating Machinery - Including Centrifugal Pumps and Compressors, Reciprocating Pumps and Compressors, Fans, Steam Turbines, Electric Motors, and More by Perez, Robert X.; Conkey, Andrew P – ISBN: 978-1-119-29413-9
- Practical Pumps: Design, Operation and Maintenance for Centrifugal and Positive Displacement Pumps, IDC Technologies, Perth.
- Predictive Maintenance of Pumps using Condition Monitoring by Ray S Beebe – ISBN: 1856174085, 9781856174084
Unit Content
Topic 1
Properties of Fluids
1. Introduction
2. Three phases of matter
3. Compressible and incompressible fluids
4. Dimensions and units
5. Definition of some common terminology
6. Vapour and gas and a characteristic equation for gases
7. Viscosity and effect of viscosity on machine performance
8. Vapour pressure
9. Pressure and pressure measurement
10. Pressure variation in static fluid (hydrostatic law) and compressible fluid
Topic 2
Introduction to Pumps
1. What is a pump?
2. Why increase a liquid’s pressure?
3. Pressure and head
4. Classification of pumps
5. How centrifugal pumps work
6. Positive displacement pumps
Topic 3
Reciprocating Pumps
1. Introduction
2. Description and working
3. Flow rate and power
4. Indicator diagram
5. Air vessels
6. Rotary positive displacement pumps
Topic 4
Centrifugal Pumps: Types and Operation
1. Introduction: centrifugal pumps
2. Impellers
3. Types: end suction pumps, inline pumps, self-priming pumps, split casing pumps, multistage pumps, vertical column pumps, submersible pumps, slurry pumps, vertical turbine pumps, axial flow pumps, regenerative turbine pumps
4. Pressure developed by the impeller
5. Energy transfer by impeller
6. Pump characteristics
7. Operation of pumps in series and parallel
8. Specific speed and significance
9. Cavitation
10. Axial flow pump
11. Power transmitting systems
Topic 5
Centrifugal Pumps: Construction
1. Casings and diffusers
2. Multistage pump casings
3. Impellers and wearing rings
4. Hydraulic balancing devices
5. Shafts and shaft sleeves
6. Bearings
7. Couplings
8. Baseplates and other pump support
Topic 6
Centrifugal Pumps: Performance and Curves
1. Pump capacity
2. Head
3. Performance curve
4. Horsepower and efficiency
5. NPSH and cavitation
6. Specific speed and suction specific speed
7. Affinity laws
8. System head curves
9. Parallel and series operation
10. Oversizing pump
11. Pump speed selection
12. Pump operation at off-design conditions
Topic 7
Centrifugal Pumps: Installation, Testing, and Maintenance
1. System analysis
2. Pump specification document
3. Bid request, review and analysis
4. Pump installation issues
5. Testing and commissioning
6. Installation, alignment and start-up
7. Operation
8. Maintenance
9. The "hourglass" approach to troubleshooting
10. Applying the 5Qs to rotordynamic investigations
11. Performance analysis and its application to optimize time for an overhaul
12. Vibration analysis of pumps - basic
Topic 8
Seals
1. Overview
2. O-rings
3. stuffing box and packing assembly
4. Mechanical seals
5. Seal-less pumps
Topic 9
Reciprocating Compressors
1. Introduction
2. Compression methods
3. Intermittent and continuous mode compressors
4. Compressibility and partial pressure
5. Piston compressor and performance
6. Mechanical design
7. Diaphragm compressors and performance
8. Selection and sizing
Topic 10
Centrifugal and Axial Compressors
1. Introduction
2. Centrifugal compressors: performance and mechanical design
3. Shaft end seals
4. Axial compressors: historical background
5. Axial compressors: performance and mechanical design
Topic 11
Hydraulic Turbines: Part 1
1. Introduction
2. Hydraulic power plant
3. Classification of turbines
4. Similitude and model testing
5. Turbine efficiencies
6. Euler turbine equation
7. Pelton turbine
Topic 12
Hydraulic Turbines: Part 2
- Reaction turbines
- Axial flow turbines
- Cavitation in hydraulic machines
- Governing of hydraulic turbines
- Unit Review
Software/Hardware Used
Software
- Software: N/A
- Version: N/A
- Instructions: N/A
- Additional resources or files: N/A
Hardware
- N/A